Abstract

The Female Genital Mutilation is a barbaric custom and tradition among Bohra communities in India. It is a practice that some communities across the world follow. In India, it’s mainly the Bohras – a sub-sec of Shiyas, who practice FGM, or Khatna. Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) includes procedures that intentionally alter or cause injury to the female genital organs for medical reasons. The clitoris and/or labia of little girls is cut or mutilated with the belief that it would curb their sexual desire, and stop premarital sex. A number of complications including physical, emotional and psychological, are faced by girls who are victims of this distressing act. This is a taboo subject in India and is not openly discussed or opened among family members and societies. The male members are mostly unaware about the act. The purpose of this study is to bring light upon this gruesome subject of Genital Mutilation of pre-pubescent children (girls) and to spread awareness about the ill effects of the act and to empower and enlighten children and women about their rights. Findings: Eight of ten studies reported psychological consequences, such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and affective disorders. Also identified were socio-cultural differences in the meaning of perceived consequences for different individuals. Two studies reported inconclusive results regarding the psychological impact of FGM/C on women’s lives. Key conclusion: While these findings provide an indication of adverse psychological effects of women/girls having FGM/C, more studies are needed. In particular, studies that focus on the role that cutting extent, circumstances surrounding the  cutting, and girls’ level of knowledge of what was going to take place, and their relationships to psychological outcomes. A greater understanding of FGM will help women to unshackle the meaningless traditions and educate themselves about the ways of preventing such acts in the future.